About the Book
In May 1894, President Grover Cleveland gave a speech thanking those who gathered “to worship at this national shrine.” He was not referring to the battlefields at Gettysburg or Antietam, nor to Mount Vernon, but to the gravesite of Mary Ball Washington, mother of George. While dedicating the new monument that marked it in Fredericksburg, Virginia, Cleveland honored “the woman who gave our Nation its greatest and best citizen.” There could be no clearer valorization of eighteenth-century republican motherhood and its centrality to the nation's origin story.
The Mother of Washington in Nineteenth-Century America examines the role of motherhood in the commemoration of the American Revolution by tracing the creation and evolution of the Mother of Washington figure. Kate Haulman explores the nineteenth-century memory of an eighteenth-century woman known for and through her famous son, the nation's first president. Underpinned by a canon of stories about Mary that often involved George, the monument and the figure it memorialized overlapped, sometimes in surprising and even paradoxical ways. In print, in images, and on the landscape, memorializing Mary foregrounded maternal ideals based in traditional gender roles and ancestry in the public memory of the nation's founding. As some women framed their engagement with the state in maternal terms, other men and women used the Mother of Washington to link the virtues she represented to the nation's origins. Women memorialists finally took up the cause to complete the monument, finishing what elite men had begun decades earlier.
Then as now, groups used the past to construct American motherhood, as well as using motherhood to engage with the founding past. The Mother of Washington in Nineteenth-Century America offers fresh arguments about gender, race, and the politics of Revolutionary history and memory still contested 250 years later.
About the Author
Kate Haulman researches and teaches the history of early America, women's and gender history, and public history. She is the author of The Politics of Fashion in Eighteenth-Century America (University of North Carolina Press, 2011; paperback 2014), winner of the Berkshire Conference Prize for Best First Book in the History of Women, Gender, and/or Sexuality, and co-editor, with Pamela Nadell, of Making Women's Histories: Beyond National Perspectives (New York University Press, 2013) and The Mother of Washington in Nineteenth-Century America (Oxford University Press, September 2025). She co-curated the exhibit "All Work, No Pay: A History of Women's Invisible Labor in the Home" at the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History and has consulted on other exhibits.
Sponsored By Ford Philanthropy
Mount Vernon has enjoyed a very special relationship with the Ford Motor Company dating back more than 90 years. We are grateful for their generous support and we applaud their abiding respect for American heritage.